Evaluation of Business Models for Fecal Sludge Emptying and Transport in Informal Settlements of Kampala, Uganda

Various business models for fecal sludge emptying and transport have been developed to address challenges their advantages documented; however, evaluation has not investigated. This study an framework, which was tested in informal settlements Kampala sustainable of transport. Through key informant interviews stakeholder consultations, service delivery from were identified included the were: high cost services, spillages, access facilities, operational costs social stigma. The framework adopted six criteria: Financial, Institutional, Environmental, Technological, Social Scalability; these further defined by fifteen sub-criteria. criteria separately on eight models—for mechanized (cesspool) semi-mechanized (gulper) technologies. output (business model scorecard) revealed that two (scheduled desludging call center) cesspool technology three (mobile transfer stations, scheduled gulper potential improvement settlements. Scheduled mobile stations can effectively optimize services subsequently reduce charges, whereas center is critical bridging delivery.